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Cryptocurrency and the Tax Man… What You Need to Know

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Until recently, many investors seemed to hold the view that cryptocurrency was somehow off the radar of tax authorities.

Simply because it is decentralized does not mean that it’s exempt from taxation, and there has been a growing wave of audits taking place in many countries, and those who have not declared their capital gains from cryptocurrency investment have sometimes paid a heavy price for that decision.

This article is intended as a general guide to what is currently known about cryptocurrency taxation in various countries.

It is certainly not a substitute for qualified advice from an accountant, so if you are dealing in cryptocurrency in any way at all, you should seek clarification from your accountant about any tax liabilities that may apply to you.

Cryptocurrency taxation procedures in the United States

If you are liable to US taxation, you’ll need IRS form 8949 and you’ll also need the 1099-B or 1099-K form that will be prepared for you by the broker or exchange that handled your transactions, plus form 1040 ES.

On that 8949 form, you will need to record every cryptocurrency transaction that you made during the financial year. You need to then attach Schedule D to indicate which gains and which losses are short term and which are long term.

After making your first declaration of cryptocurrency gains or losses, you will then be required to lodge the 1040 ES on a quarterly basis.

Cryptocurrency taxation in the United Kingdom

First, some good news. You don’t generally need to worry about VAT on your cryptocurrency exchanges, because VAT is only charged on exchanges of goods and services, not on purely financial transactions.

This also, of course, means that if you use cryptocurrency to buy or sell goods or services, VAT will be a component of those transactions.

There will be no difference between profits and losses that are made with cryptocurrency transactions in comparison with fiat currency transactions.

You will still be liable for paying any due taxes (capital gains, company tax, and income tax) and still able to claim deductions on your costs. You may also, if you qualify as a business, be able to deduct losses from your overall tax amount.

Cryptocurrency taxation in Canada

Canadian tax law is complex because there are different rules that apply to different types of entities.

When you, as an individual, make a capital gain from your investment in cryptocurrency, you have to declare it, and you pay tax on 50% of the gain. The amount of tax you pay depends on the total income that you receive from all sources.

If you’re a business, then you have to declare all your cryptocurrency transactions the same as ordinary transactions.

Cryptocurrency taxation in Australia

Australia has traditionally had a much more cautious attitude toward cryptocurrency than most other countries in what is regarded as the developed world. It is only very recently that the government has backed away from the prospect of banning cryptocurrency.

You are not subject to tax on capital gains on cryptocurrency transactions unless you are running a business. If you use cryptocurrency to buy something for your business, or if you sell good or services in exchange for cryptocurrency, you’ll have to declare the Australian dollar value of the transaction, along with all the other relevant details.

The ATO seems to have taken the stance that all transactions should be considered suspicious until proven otherwise, so you need to record all the details of every cryptocurrency transaction, including the identity of the other party to the transaction, even if you don’t know their identity.

You will be liable for GST on cryptocurrency transactions that take place within Australia. You are not generally liable for GST on export transactions. For certain types of international transactions you may be liable for other taxes such as Luxury Car Tax or Wine Equalization Tax.

Paying employees in cryptocurrency is not advisable, but if you do, then the ATO will regard it as a fringe benefit and hit you with FBT for it.

Other countries

At the time of writing, most other countries haven’t really figured out what to do about cryptocurrency, or the situation will be somewhat similar to the Canadian situation.

Some 13 countries, mainly in the Middle East and North Africa, have existing bans on all cryptocurrency trading, so taxation is not really your biggest worry in those countries.

Singapore has the simplest system of all. In Singapore, cryptocurrency transactions are to be treated for taxation purposes as if they were made in Singapore dollars, and you pay tax on the SGD value of the goods or services.

Neither businesses nor individuals need to be concerned with capital gains. Certain types of gains may still be subject to tax, so it is best to consult a specialist tax accountant with experience in cryptocurrency.

Hong Kong is expected to soon release information about their tax policies in relation to cryptocurrency. Mainland China notably banned all trading in cryptocurrencies, while also stating that China would continue to support blockchain development.

China’s aggressive attitude toward cryptocurrency trading has impacted cryptocurrency values negatively, and if it should happen that China reverses the policy, then it’s possible that cryptocurrency investors will get a short term windfall.

Japan has an open attitude to cryptocurrency transactions. Private individuals should declare any gains made from cryptocurrency as miscellaneous income, while businesses should declare capital gains and losses as what they are.

For most other countries, it’s a bit uncertain. The best thing to do, regardless of where you reside, is to consult an accountant in the country where you are required to pay taxes and find out for sure what taxes apply to you.

Entertainment

Biased Reports Hold Back Furtherance of Blockchain

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blockchain media

Nothing has done as much harm to blockchain development, and the consequent potentially beneficial advances in technology that would result from it, than the heavily biased media reports that have been published to criticize cryptocurrencies. There are three major contributing factors to this situation.

The first is that blockchain and the cryptocurrencies that feed it are relatively complicated technologies that can be difficult for non-technical people to understand.

The second is that the people who stand to lose the most from decentralized cryptocurrencies are central banks (which have enormous financial resources at their disposal).

And the third factor is that the early implementation of Bitcoin was promoted in a way that made it attractive to criminals and it was used in a lot of illegal transactions, something that severely harmed the image of the technology.

Wealthy opponents can afford to run extensive propaganda campaigns

Because the main opponents to cryptocurrency advances are central banks, they can buy a lot of media space, and presumably a lot of editors opinions as well. Banks are an important source of revenue for most media production companies, whether for print, radio, or television. Nobody in the media business is likely to get far by antagonizing the banking industry.

The only safe and free space for opinions that go against the mainstream is the Internet, and early efforts to attract people to take an interest in cryptocurrency were actually quite antagonizing to bankers and government authorities.

The main thrust of the publicity efforts back then focused on the facts that cryptocurrency was at that time anonymous and decentralized, meaning it was beyond the control of governments and banks. To some extent it still is.

Mainstream media has mainly focused on scandals and failures

The media dedicates very little attention to successful cryptocurrencies, and typically does not report on useful blockchain innovations. Most people who are curious about these technologies need to turn to the Internet to get their information.

On the Internet anyone can publish what they want and that’s a really good thing because it’s possible to get a diversity of different views on any topic, but can also be a problem because it’s very difficult to verify facts and the sources of those facts.

Unless you are careless, there isn’t really much to fear

It’s true there have been scandals and failures in the cryptocurrency world. This is a new technology and mistakes have been made, and of course there are always people in any industry looking for someone to take advantage of. It’s common in every class of business, and cryptocurrency is no exception.

The simple reason that some people have lost money on bad deals in the cryptocurrency industry is that they just did not do their research.

It’s like 20 years ago when the DotCom Bubble finally burst. People were shocked to find that their failure to research what the Internet companies they were backing actually did was resulting in them losing money.

The same thing has been happening with cryptocurrency investment. People see the huge success of Bitcoin and Ethereum and assume that every new ICO launch is going to be a fast track to immense profit, but that’s a dangerous way to invest.

When investing in any cryptocurrency, and especially an ICO, you should be prepared to put in the same kind of research that you would when considering buying shares or investing in an IPO. If you do that, and you do it correctly, it greatly reduces the chance that you’ll lose money. Throw in other time tested investment strategies like diversification and risk management, and you really would have to be incredibly unlucky to fail.

Don’t let propaganda fool you. Choose your own investments according to how they feel and the diligent research you perform. Everything else is just the bankers trying to keep their hold on power over the way people do business.

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Business

Should you be afraid of a cryptocurrency bear market?

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The international cryptocurrency market enjoyed a few golden years prior to 2017, but the shine has started to wear off as people began to realize the bubble effect being created by disproportional media hype.

For a little while there, people were making glorious profit from their cryptocurrency investments. Like all booms however, it didn’t take too long before there was a rush, and not everyone who was rushing to release an ICO was really qualified to do so.

Not that there’s an official qualification required, but that more than a few of those ICOs were being issued by people with no real solid background in either finance or technology. A string of embarrassing cryptocurrency failures later, and the whole of the market, including top performers like Bitcoin and Ethereum, was paying the price for the misadventures of a few.

That tends to happen when people see vast fortunes wiped out due to unguided speculation on unproved technology. It’s this kind of problem that slammed the brakes on the cryptocurrency growth rate.

This could actually be a fantastic opportunity

Figuring out the real value of a cryptocurrency is not something that can easily be done. It’s not like investing in stocks or shares where there are easy metrics to base calculations on. Much of what makes a particular cryptocurrency valuable is the market’s opinion of it.

The best way to go forward is research carefully what blockchain sectors a currency is focusing on, and anticipate which sectors seem to have the best long term growth potential.

If you can accurately predict where the demand is likely to originate from, then you are setting yourself in the best position for when a surge in investment comes along. This is the real money making potential of investment in blockchain based currencies, and it is far better to get in early than to wait for the market to move in ahead of you.

With this type of investment, diversification is not as important as it is in most other investment types, but still you should be cautious of putting all your eggs in one basket.

Spreading the risk carefully over a handful of options will give you some protection against short term falls, and also means you have something on hand to trade so you can take advantage of short term gains. Investing in cryptocurrency is not difficult, it just requires common sense and a bit of research to make sure you’re backing a technology that is going places.

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Business

Cryptocurrency Giants Are Still Going Strong

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There has been quite a bit of resistance within banking circles and certain governments to the growth of blockchain based currencies, and considerable negative press has been launched which could be regarded as a propaganda campaign intended to undermine the public’s faith in decentralized currency markets.

Even though the face value of the major cryptocurrencies has fallen during the past year, these currencies are far from keeling over. In fact, they are still going strong and won’t be that easy to get rid of. Worldwide economies will need to adjust to the presence of decentralized competition, and this is a good thing because it provides people with an alternative to the traditional economic system while simultaneously not excluding them from it.

At the extreme end of the anti-crypto movement, there are murmurings of the desire to exclude people from the option of using cryptocurrency. Given the nature of cryptocurrency, however, it’s very unlikely that bans will prove effective.

Countries which have already banned cryptocurrency include Algeria, Bolivia, Cambodia, Ecuador, Egypt, Morocco, Nepal, and Pakistan. Implicit bans exist in Bangladesh, China (excluding Hong Kong), Colombia, Indonesia, Iran, Saudi Arabia, and Taiwan.

Countries where cryptocurrency is legal but there is a banking prohibition or heavy restrictions include Canada, India, Jordan, Thailand (easing), and Vietnam.

The problem for these countries is that the currencies exist on the Internet. There is no enforceable way for any individual territory to prevent citizens from participating in this economy.

Bans are pointless and set countries back

A citizen of Algeria wishing to speculate in cryptocurrency merely needs to ensure that none of his or her trades are executed inside the borders of Algeria. Traveling outside the country is one option, but VPN and proxy technology make it unnecessary. It is just too easy to thwart bans, making it pointless to enact them.

The serious downside for countries that ban cryptocurrency is that this denies local businesses the opportunity to participate in the lucrative blockchain industry, consequently stifling innovation and research. This sets those countries back, where other countries around them are able to make advances.

Right now that’s not a very big problem, but in the future the results will be easy to see. Those who are surging forward with blockchain innovation now will be very far ahead of the territories which don’t allow use of cryptocurrency (an essential unit of payment needed for blockchain applications).

No matter where you live, you should be able to invest in this technology. The artificially created bear market won’t last, and this has to be a great time to buy into crypto while the prices are holding steady.

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